Optimization framework for evaluating urban thermal systems potential
Résumé
The increase in space cooling demand worldwide calls more than ever for efficient ways to meet buildings
combined hot and cold demands.
Building scale technologies present interesting advantages such as modularity but also numerous drawbacks
such as architectural issues, urban heat island effect, low efficiency and stress on the electrical network. Yet, a
literature gap exists regarding the optimal equilibrium between local and centralized thermal equipment.
This paper presents a framework to evaluate the performances of urban thermal architectures. It relies on an
existing building typology database to derive hourly profiles of space heating, space cooling and domestic hot
water demands. An object-oriented energy hub implementation eases the gathering of production, storage and
distribution components. Optimal components are finally selected through a MILP-based optimization.
The framework application shows its abilities to sort pre identified thermal architectures by performance level.
For the addressed case studies, 4th generation district heating (4GDH) performs the best regarding CO2 emissions
and exergy destruction, while 2GDH is often cost-effective. In the selected configurations, 5thgeneration district
heating and cooling (5 GHDC) performs hardly better than individual solutions.
The use of different components depending on the techno-economic context indicates the need to challenge
many solutions, which is possible using the framework.
Domaines
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