Cluster formation near midrapidity: How the production mechanisms can be identified experimentally
Résumé
The formation of weakly bound clusters in the hot and dense environment at midrapidity is one of the surprising phenomena observed experimentally in heavy-ion collisions from a low center of mass energy of a few GeV up to an ultrarelativistic energy of several TeV. Three approaches have been advanced to describe the cluster formation: coalescence at kinetic freeze-out, cluster formation during the entire heavy-ion collision by potential interaction between nucleons, and deuteron production by hadronic kinetic reactions. Based on the parton-hadron-quantum molecular dynamics microscopic transport approach, which incorporates all three mechanisms for deuteron production, we identify experimental observables, which can discriminate these production mechanisms for deuterons.
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