This paper provides a comprehensive review in the domain of hazardous material transportation from an Operational Research point of view. The paper's focus lies on hazmat routing, routing-scheduling, and network design problems. The objective of this review paper is twofold: (1) reviewing the models’ assumptions, objectives and constraints, decisions, input parameters, basic modeling/solution techniques, and case studies, and (2) highlighting the underlying features and challenges in designing the models with different transportation modes. Besides, the most significant research gaps in the literature are identified through a systematic in-depth review at a micro-level. Finally, a set of promising future research directions is proposed upon from the authorities could draw better decisions. As a key finding after performing this review, we believe that a considerable number of promising future research directions consist in hybridizing different problems, i.e., amount to borrowing some key properties from a problem and integrating them into another problem. This has led to valuable research studies in the literature of hazmat transportation problems.